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puppies' development
Since 1st till 15—18th days after the birth the puppies' nervous system is primitive. All his or her needs are nothing but physical — meal, sleep, warm, mother. In this exactly period, 2nd—3rd day is to perform the cosmetic resection to cut the tail (in the countries where it's necessary; FCI / ADRK standard prohibits the tail cutting) and additional fingers on the legs. Later surgery will be not only more painful but also may hurt due to puppies' stronger perception. In 15—18 days they start to see and to hear – so they may apprehend and classify the surroundings, making most reflex relations. In 18—20 days puppies learn to stand on four legs. Gradually they start to walk and run.
The second period of the puppy's life (since 18—21 day till 30—35 day) may be called the period of the primary adaptation through the conditioned reflexes. Since the 25th day puppies start to recognize the person who takes care of them. By this time more active and bold puppies are being determined. Other puppies start to escape the struggle, take the passive guard position, evincing own subordinate situation in the group.
By the tradition the puppy is usually being given to their new owners in the month age as soon as they start to eat from the plate. But there's no care of that dog is special pet and shall not only grow as a stall–feed hog who has nothing else to have to do, but the puppy shall develop psycho–physiologically according the type of the central nervous system usual for the breed. So if earlier terms of taking the puppy had been defined by custom, it's absolutely impermissible in the modern cynology.
The main purpose of puppies' dealing is usually ignorance or, what is worse, avarice. Expenses on the puppies' feeding increase after the starting the separate ration, and the time takings for care and cleaning of the room, where puppies are being kept, do too.
So the 30—day age is the worst time to give out the puppy. This is the time when puppies do especially need the communication to each other. Taking the puppy from the mother calls strong emotional reaction and accelerates the attaching to the owner. The most important feature is the conditioning of the reflexes. Puppies actively learn the surroundings, showing the so called investigating reflex, the mostly explicated since 1,5 until 3—4 month age – puppy follows every person he or she sees outside and owner has to redirect the puppy to oneself. Later the wish to follow everyone will leave and puppy will tend to follow the master. Kind treatment and dainty helps the sooner differentiation of the puppy's behavior reactions in such cases.
Researches showed that the best time of outgiving the puppies is 45—50 days (during the 7th week) of his or her life, when his or her mind is neurologically shaped and he or she can percept the things the adult dog can, though he or she can concentrate for short periods only and is limited in the tasks by the psychological nonage and the physical resources limits.
For proper physical developing of the puppy and gathering experience daily walks with different routes are necessary in this period. Keeping in mind that since the 2—month age is the key period for the shaping of individualities of the central nervous system activity, guard the puppy from the shocks.
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